APPENDIX B
Evidence Grading System
I |
At least one properly done RCT |
II-1 |
Well-designed controlled trial without randomization |
II-2 |
Well-designed cohort or case-control analytic study, preferably from more than one source |
II-3 |
Multiple time series evidence with/without intervention, dramatic results of uncontrolled experiment |
III |
Opinion of respected authorities, descriptive studies, case reports, and expert committees |
Good |
High grade evidence (I or II-1) directly linked to health outcome |
Fair |
High grade evidence (I or II-1) linked to intermediate outcome; |
Poor |
Level III evidence or no linkage of evidence to health outcome |
Substantial |
More than a small relative impact on a frequent condition with a substantial burden of suffering; |
Moderate |
A small relative impact on a frequent condition with a substantial burden of suffering; |
Small |
A negligible relative impact on a frequent condition with a substantial burden of suffering; |
Zero or Negative |
Negative impact on patients; |
Table 4. Strength of Recommendation Rating System |
|
|---|---|
A |
A strong recommendation that the clinicians provide the intervention to eligible patients. |
B |
A recommendation that clinicians provide this intervention to eligible patients. |
C |
No recommendation for or against the routine provision of the intervention is made. |
D |
Recommendation is made against routinely providing the intervention to asymptomatic patients. |
I |
Evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against routinely providing the intervention. |
Based on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force rating system (Harris et al, 2001)